# Epitalon References: Khavinson, Anisimov, Korkushko, Al-dulaimi, Araj — The Cited Literature

> Epitalon references: the full cited literature for this dossier — Khavinson 2003 telomerase, Anisimov 2002 HER-2/neu cancer model, Korkushko 2004 elderly melatonin, Al-dulaimi 2025 replication, Araj 2025 review.

Every paper cited across this site, with author lines, journal venue, year, DOI, and PubMed URL — restricted to PubMed-indexed English-language sources for traceability.

## How to read this list

Each reference below corresponds to an inline [N] marker on a page of this site. Citations are restricted to PubMed-indexed English-language papers — even where the Khavinson program has published prolifically in Russian-language venues, this dossier cites only the indexed Western or English-language Bulletin-of-Experimental-Biology-and-Medicine translations. That editorial choice means some of the Russian-language cohort data summarised here is anchored to Khavinson's 2002 review monograph [14] and the 2025 Araj consolidation review [15] rather than to primary Russian-language sources directly. The trade-off is traceability.

## Numbered reference list

All numbered references are listed in the page-level `references_index` block below — see the rendered references page for the full author, journal, year, DOI, and PubMed URL detail.

## References

[1] Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA. Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003;135(6):590-592. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12937682/
[2] Al-dulaimi S, Thomas R, Matta S, Roberts T. Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity. Biogerontology. 2025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40908429/
[3] Khavinson V, Diomede F, Mironova E, Linkova N, Trofimova S, Trubiani O, Caputi S, Sinjari B. AEDG Peptide (Epitalon) Stimulates Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis during Neurogenesis: Possible Epigenetic Mechanism. Molecules. 2020;25(3):609. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32019204/
[4] Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Provinciali M, Alimova IN, Baturin DA, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Imyanitov EN, Mancini R, Franceschi C. Inhibitory effect of the peptide epitalon on the development of spontaneous mammary tumors in HER-2/neu transgenic mice. Int J Cancer. 2002;101(1):7-10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12209581/
[5] Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Alimova IN, Provinciali M, Mancini R, Franceschi C. Epithalon inhibits tumor growth and expression of HER-2/neu oncogene in breast tumors in transgenic mice characterized by accelerated aging. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2002;133(2):167-170. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12428286/
[6] Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Alimova IN, Rosenfeld SV, Zavarzina NYu, Semenchenko AV, Yashin AI. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology. 2003;4(4):193-202. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1025114230714
[7] Kossoy G, Anisimov VN, Ben-Hur H, Kossoy N, Zusman I. Effect of the synthetic pineal peptide epitalon on spontaneous carcinogenesis in female C3H/He mice. In Vivo. 2006;20(2):253-257. https://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/20/2/253
[8] Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA. Inhibitory effect of peptide Epitalon on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. Cancer Lett. 2002;183(1):1-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12049808/
[9] Anisimov VN, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Rosenfeld SV, Khavinson VKh, Semenchenko AV, Yashin AI. Effect of epitalon and melatonin on life span and spontaneous carcinogenesis in senescence accelerated mice (SAM). Vopr Onkol. 2005;51(1):93-98. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15909815/
[10] Vinogradova IA, Bukalev AV, Zabezhinski MA, Semenchenko AV, Khavinson VKh, Anisimov VN. Effect of Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly peptide on life span and development of spontaneous tumors in female rats exposed to different illumination regimes. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2007;144(6):825-830. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18856211/
[11] Korkushko OV, Khavinson VKh, Shatilo VB, Magdich LV. Effect of peptide preparation epithalamin on circadian rhythm of epiphyseal melatonin-producing function in elderly people. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(4):389-391. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15452611/
[12] Korkushko OV, Lapin BA, Goncharova ND, Khavinson VKh, Shatilo VB, Vengerin AA, Antoniuk-Shcheglova IA, Magdich LV. Normalizing effect of the pineal gland peptides on the daily melatonin rhythm in old monkeys and elderly people. Adv Gerontol. 2007;20(1):74-85. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17969590/
[13] Khavinson V, Razumovsky M, Trofimova S, Grigorian R, Razumovskaya A. Pineal-regulating tetrapeptide epitalon improves eye retina condition in retinitis pigmentosa. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002;23(4):365-368. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12195242/
[14] Khavinson VKh. Peptides and Ageing. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002;23 Suppl 3:11-144. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12374906/
[15] Araj SK, Brzezik J, Madra-Gackowska K, Szeleszczuk L. Overview of Epitalon - Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(6):2691. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40141333/

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A textile-layered editorial digest of the Khavinson pineal tetrapeptide literature — Epitalon and Epithalon read as one molecule, two spellings, and twenty-five years of mostly-Russian record, with the Western trial gap named.